Principle of heat exchanger

A heat exchanger is a common heat exchange device used to achieve heat transfer between two fluids. Its working principle is to transfer heat from the heat source to the heat transfer fluid, so as to achieve the transfer of heat between the two fluids, to achieve the purpose of energy saving.

The main components of the heat exchanger include heat transfer tube bundle, shell, shunt plate, end cover and sealing device. Through the organic combination of these components, the heat exchanger is able to achieve efficient heat transfer.

The working principle of the heat exchanger is to achieve heat transfer by using the principle of heat transfer between fluids. The heat transfer tube bundle is the core part of the heat exchanger and is composed of one or more tubes. One of the fluids runs through the inside of the tube, while the other flows through the outside of the tube. Because of the temperature difference between the two fluids, heat is transferred from the hot fluid to the cold fluid through the tube wall.

When the heat exchanger starts working, the two fluids flow through the two flow channels of the heat exchanger, which are separated by the housing and the diverter plate. The high-temperature fluid enters the heat exchanger from one flow path, passes through the tube bundle, and exits from the other flow path. Similarly, the cryogenic fluid also flows inversely through the heat exchanger in another flow path. The two fluids flow alternately in the heat transfer tube, thus achieving the transfer of heat.

In order to improve the heat transfer efficiency of the heat exchanger, the heat transfer tube bundle of the heat exchanger is usually a spiral shape. This design can increase the path length of the fluid flow, thereby increasing the heat transfer area. In addition, the spiral heat transfer tube can also increase the degree of mixing between the fluids and further improve the heat transfer effect.

In a heat exchanger, heat transfer between fluids is carried out by convection and conduction. Convection refers to the heat transfer caused by different speeds when the fluid flows, while conduction refers to the heat transfer inside and outside the heat transfer tube bundle. Through the combination of these two methods, the heat exchanger can effectively achieve the transfer of heat.

In the heat exchanger, it is also necessary to pay attention to the flow resistance between the fluids. The flow resistance of the fluid will affect the velocity and flow rate of the fluid, and affect the heat transfer effect of the heat exchanger to a certain extent. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the heat transfer effect and flow resistance comprehensively when designing heat exchangers to achieve better working results.

During the use of the heat exchanger, regular cleaning and maintenance are also required to maintain its normal heat transfer function. Because there are often various impurities in the fluid, these impurities will adhere to the surface of the heat transfer tube bundle, affecting the heat transfer effect. Therefore, it is necessary to clean the heat transfer tube bundle of the heat exchanger regularly.

In short, a heat exchanger is a device that can achieve heat transfer between fluids. Its working principle is to use the heat transfer principle, through the heat transfer tube to transfer heat from high temperature fluid to low temperature fluid. The design and maintenance of heat exchangers is essential to improve heat transfer efficiency and extend service life. By continuously improving the design and technology of heat exchangers, the heat transfer effect can be further improved, and more efficient heat transfer solutions can be provided for the production of various industries.